Europe’s interest in free world trade

Development of International Trade in Health Services in the Legal System of World Trade Organization

The World Trade Organization, as one of the youngest international organizations following its 50th activity of predecessor means the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade in the Multilateral Trade System, through the establishment of a General Agreement on Trade in Services, regulated the domain of International Trade in services and by designating Integrated legal framework for the advanceme...

money demand in an interest free economy

the objective of this study is to derive a money demand function compatible with the islamic economic rules, i.e., prohibition of reba. this rule, evidently eliminates the loan market from the economy.therefore, we propose that the islamic financial markets could link the real and nominal sectors of the economy and provide the information needed by both the financial intermediaries and the cent...

Interest Rates in Trade Credit Markets

There is evidence that suppliers have private information about their customers’ credit risk. Yet, interest rates in trade credit markets are usually industry-not-firm specific. Why? If the demand for intermediate products is inelastic, suppliers should raise interest rates until they reach their customers’ outside option. By definition, this outside option cannot reflect information that is pr...

Symmetry in world trade network

Abstract Symmetry of the world trade network provides a novel perspective to understand the world-wide trading system. However, symmetry in the world trade network (WTN) has been rarely studied so far. In this paper, the authors systematically explore the symmetry in WTN. The authors construct WTN in 2005 and explore the size and structure of its automorphism group, through which the authors fi...

Making Interest-free Banking System More Efficient with Regards to Interest Rate